Press a key and it lights up on the on-screen layout. Tested keys stay coloured, so it's easy to see which keys you haven't tried and which ones never respond at all. Hold several keys at once to find your keyboard's simultaneous-input (NKRO) limit.
The operating system takes those before the browser ever sees them. A web page can't intercept them, so those keys can't be tested here.
No. Ordinary USB keyboards are specified to report at most six keys at once (6KRO). Going beyond that needs a keyboard that supports NKRO.
The layout shows the physical key position (the browser's key code), independent of your input method or layout. Pressing Q on a non-QWERTY layout still lights the Q position, and that's correct.